{"id":2382,"date":"2022-03-02T15:15:57","date_gmt":"2022-03-02T14:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/?page_id=2382"},"modified":"2022-04-20T10:31:51","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T08:31:51","slug":"collectivites","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/collectivites\/","title":{"rendered":"Collectivit\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”1686″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”5\/6″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Collectivit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/h2>\n

<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Les candidats \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle<\/span>\u00a0accordent un r\u00f4le important aux collectivit\u00e9s pour\u00a0<\/span>agir contre les changements climatiques<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>M<\/span>ais\u00a0<\/span>leurs propositions pour qu\u2019elles aient les moyens financiers\u00a0<\/span>de jouer ce r\u00f4le sont<\/span>\u00a0rares<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>encore plus quand il<\/span>\u00a0s\u2019agit de s\u2019engager sur des\u00a0<\/span>mesures pr\u00e9cises ou des\u00a0<\/span>montants.\u00a0<\/span>Aurore Colin<\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0d\u2019<\/span><\/span>I4CE\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong>a<\/span><\/span>\u00a0analys\u00e9 les programmes des candidats\u00a0<\/span>et appelle<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but\u00a0<\/span>du<\/span>\u00a0prochain quinquennat<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e0 <\/span><\/span>clarifi<\/span>er<\/span>\u00a0les\u00a0<\/span>besoins\u00a0<\/span>d\u2019investissement<\/span>s<\/span>\u00a0et\u00a0<\/span>de<\/span>\u00a0d\u00e9pense<\/span>s<\/span>\u00a0de<\/span>\u00a0fonctionnement\u00a0<\/span>des collectivit\u00e9s pour l<\/span>e climat<\/span>, et \u00e0 s\u2019assurer\u00a0<\/span>de l\u2019ad\u00e9quation avec leurs ressources.<\/span><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][cms_accordion][vc_column_text]Un consensus sur le r\u00f4le essentiel des collectivit\u00e9s<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I4CE<\/strong>\u00a0a analys\u00e9 les programmes de sept\u00a0<\/span>candidats<\/span>\u00a0\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9lection<\/span>\u00a0pr\u00e9sidentielle<\/span><\/a>. Que disent-ils du r\u00f4le des collectivit\u00e9s locales pour d\u00e9carboner notre \u00e9conomie et adapter la France aux impacts in\u00e9luctables du changement climatique\u202f? A l\u2019exception de Marine Le Pen et d\u2019\u00c9ric Zemmour, qui ne se prononcent pas sur ce sujet, les autres candidats analys\u00e9s affirment un r\u00f4le important des collectivit\u00e9s dans la mise en \u0153uvre, voire \u00e9galement dans la planification de la transition. C\u2019est en particulier le cas pour la r\u00e9novation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des b\u00e2timents publics et priv\u00e9s et, avec des degr\u00e9s divers selon les programmes, la d\u00e9carbonation des transports, l\u2019accompagnement des transitions professionnelles, le d\u00e9veloppement des \u00e9nergies renouvelables et l\u2019adaptation au changement climatique.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tous les candidats comptent sur les collectivit\u00e9s, mais ils ne comptent pas tous sur les m\u00eames \u00e9chelons de collectivit\u00e9s et proposent plus ou moins de modifications par rapport<\/span>\u00a0\u00e0 la r\u00e9partition act<\/span>uelle.\u00a0 Si Yannick Jadot ne se prononce pas sur le sujet, Val\u00e9rie P\u00e9cresse et Anne Hidalgo souhaitent toutes deux accentuer le r\u00f4le des R\u00e9gions comme cheffes de file de la transition des territoires. Emmanuel Macron propose \u00e9galement de renforcer l\u2019action des R\u00e9gions en leur confiant la gestion de certains appels d\u2019offre de d\u00e9veloppement des \u00e9nergies renouvelables, tout en maintenant la responsabilit\u00e9 des intercommunalit\u00e9s dans l\u2019accompagnement \u00e0 la r\u00e9novation. Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon quant \u00e0 lui veut revoir la gouvernance actuelle, de mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et pas sp\u00e9cifiquement sur le climat, en redonnant aux communes \u00ab\u202fleur r\u00f4le de cellule de base de la d\u00e9mocratie\u202flocale\u202f\u00bb et en proposant un nouveau red\u00e9coupage des R\u00e9gions.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Quelles que soient les modifications de gouvernance propos\u00e9es, celles-ci devront am\u00e9liorer la lisibilit\u00e9 des responsabilit\u00e9s de chaque collectivit\u00e9 dans la transition, et donc faciliter et acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer sa mise en\u00a0<\/span>\u0153uvre<\/span>. A contrario il ne faudrait pas qu\u2019une refonte des comp\u00e9tences ou un red\u00e9coupage territorial accaparent les efforts humains et financiers et freinent la mise en \u0153uvre par les collectivit\u00e9s de leurs actions climatiques.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][cms_accordion cms_accordion=”%5B%7B%22ac_title%22%3A%22…%20Lire%20la%20suite%22%2C%22ac_content%22%3A%22%3Cstrong%3EDes%20propositions%20plus%20ou%20moins%20pr%C3%A9cises%20pour%20donner%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20les%20moyens%20d%E2%80%99agir%3C%2Fstrong%3E%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%5CnDonner%20plus%20de%20responsabilit%C3%A9s%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20est%20une%20chose.%20Mais%20quels%20sont%20les%20moyens%20financiers%20que%20les%20candidats%20comptent%20leur%20donner%20pour%20soutenir%20leurs%20actions%E2%80%AF%3F%20Si%20les%20r%C3%A9ponses%20des%20candidats%20sont%20loin%20d%E2%80%99%C3%AAtre%20uniformes%2C%20peu%20s%E2%80%99engagent%20sur%20des%20montants%20pr%C3%A9cis.%20%20%20%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%20%5Cn%5CnAnne%20Hidalgo%20et%20Yannick%20Jadot%20proposent%20plusieurs%20dispositifs%20pour%20donner%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20les%20moyens%20d%E2%80%99agir.%20La%20premi%C3%A8re%20souhaite%20d%E2%80%99une%20part%20davantage%20fl%C3%A9cher%20certaines%20recettes%20fiscales%20vers%20l%E2%80%99action%20climat%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20%E2%80%93%20notamment%20les%20revenus%20de%20la%20fiscalit%C3%A9%20sur%20les%20projets%20d%E2%80%99%C3%A9nergie%20renouvelable%20et%20une%20part%20de%20la%20fiscalit%C3%A9%20carbone%20%E2%80%93%20et%20d%E2%80%99autre%20part%20cr%C3%A9er%20une%20%C2%AB%20dotation%20verte%20%C2%BB%20de%20l%E2%80%99Etat.%20Elle%20ne%20pr%C3%A9cise%20cependant%20pas%20le%20montant%20de%20ces%20dispositifs.%20Yannick%20Jadot%2C%20lui%2C%20propose%20d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tablir%20%C2%AB%E2%80%AFun%20pacte%20financier%E2%80%AF%C2%BB%20entre%20l%E2%80%99Etat%20et%20les%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20pour%20assurer%20qu%E2%80%99elles%20aient%20les%20moyens%20de%20mener%20des%20projets%20de%20transition%E2%80%AF%3B%20ce%20pacte%20pr%C3%A9voira%20notamment%20d%E2%80%99augmenter%20la%20Dotation%20de%20soutien%20%C3%A0%20l%E2%80%99investissement%20local%20(DSIL)%20de%20500%20M%E2%82%AC%2Fan%20pour%20les%20projets%20li%C3%A9s%20%C3%A0%20la%20transition.%20Notons%20par%20ailleurs%20qu%E2%80%99il%20veut%20r%C3%A9tablir%20les%20imp%C3%B4ts%20de%20production%20supprim%C3%A9s%20en%202020%20afin%20de%20restaurer%20le%20pouvoir%20fiscal%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s.%20%20%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%20%5CnDe%20leur%20c%C3%B4t%C3%A9%2C%20Jean-Luc%20M%C3%A9lenchon%20et%20Emmanuel%20Macron%20proposent%20la%20planification%20%C3%A9cologique%20comme%20outil%20pour%20coordonner%20les%20niveaux%20local%20et%20national.%20Jean-Luc%20M%C3%A9lenchon%20propose%20%C2%AB%E2%80%AFd%E2%80%99affecter%20certains%20financements%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20%C3%A0%20la%20bifurcation%20%C3%A9cologique%E2%80%AF%C2%BB%2C%20notamment%20pour%20les%20infrastructures%20cyclables%20et%20l%E2%80%99isolation%20des%20b%C3%A2timents%20publics%2C%20mais%20ne%20pr%C3%A9cise%20pas%20quelle%20part%20des%20d%C3%A9penses%20pr%C3%A9vues%20pour%20ces%20actions%20irait%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s.%20Emmanuel%20Macron%2C%20quant%20%C3%A0%20lui%2C%20propose%20une%20%C2%AB%E2%80%AFprogrammation%20des%20investissements%20territoire%20par%20territoire%E2%80%AF%C2%BB%20mais%20ne%20pr%C3%A9cise%20ni%20les%20dispositifs%20de%20financement%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20pour%20la%20transition%20ni%20leur%20montant.%20Val%C3%A9rie%20P%C3%A9cresse%20n%E2%80%99est%20pas%20plus%20explicite%20%3A%20si%20elle%20propose%20de%20%C2%AB%E2%80%AFrenforcer%20l%E2%80%99autonomie%20financi%C3%A8re%20et%20fiscale%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20territoriales%2C%20dans%20le%20respect%20de%20l%E2%80%99exigence%20de%20redressement%20des%20finances%20publiques%2C%20en%20donnant%20une%20visibilit%C3%A9%20sur%20cinq%20ans%20sur%20l%E2%80%99%C3%A9volution%20des%20dotations%20de%20l%E2%80%99%C3%89tat%E2%80%AF%C2%BB%2C%20elle%20ne%20pr%C3%A9cise%20pas%20comment%20renforcer%20cette%20autonomie%2C%20ni%20la%20trajectoire%20d%E2%80%99%C3%A9volution%20des%20dotations%20de%20l%E2%80%99Etat%2C%20ni%20comment%20s%E2%80%99assurer%20que%20les%20financements%20soutiennent%20les%20projets%20de%20transition.%20%20%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%20%5CnEnfin%2C%20un%20dernier%20point%20int%C3%A9ressant%2C%20m%C3%AAme%20si%20indirectement%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20nos%20sujets%2C%20concerne%20la%20prise%20en%20compte%20de%20la%20lutte%20contre%20les%20in%C3%A9galit%C3%A9s%20territoriales%20dans%20les%20financements%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s.%20En%20effet%2C%20toutes%20les%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20n%E2%80%99ont%20pas%20le%20m%C3%AAme%20niveau%20de%20richesse%20et%20n%E2%80%99ont%20pas%20les%20m%C3%AAmes%20moyens%20d%E2%80%99agir%2C%20que%20ce%20soit%20pour%20le%20climat%20comme%20pour%20d%E2%80%99autres%20d%C3%A9fis.%20Il%20est%20int%C3%A9ressant%20donc%20de%20noter%20que%20trois%20candidats%20int%C3%A8grent%20plus%20ou%20moins%20explicitement%20la%20question%20de%20l%E2%80%99%C3%A9quit%C3%A9%20territoriale%E2%80%AFdans%20les%20dispositifs%20de%20financement%20aux%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20%3A%20Jean-Luc%20M%C3%A9lenchon%20propose%20de%20renforcer%20de%20mani%C3%A8re%20cons%C3%A9quente%20les%20dotations%20de%20l%E2%80%99Etat%20vers%20les%20territoires%20en%20retard%20de%20d%C3%A9veloppement%20%C3%A9conomique%E2%80%AF%3B%20Yannick%20Jadot%20veut%20%C2%AB%E2%80%AFr%C3%A9orienter%20les%20relations%20financi%C3%A8res%20Etats-collectivit%C3%A9s%20pour%20plus%20de%20justice%20territoriale%E2%80%AF%C2%BB%E2%80%AF%3B%20et%20Val%C3%A9rie%20P%C3%A9cresse%20souhaite%20%C2%AB%E2%80%AFrenforcer%20les%20dispositifs%20de%20p%C3%A9r%C3%A9quation%E2%80%AF%C2%BB.%E2%80%AF%20%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%20%5Cn%3Cstrong%3EUn%20gros%20point%20de%20vigilance%E2%80%AF%3A%20les%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%E2%80%AFpour%20le%20climat%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%20%5CnLes%20candidats%20n%E2%80%99%C3%A9voquent%20pas%20la%20question%20des%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20pour%20le%20climat.%20Et%20pourtant%2C%20derri%C3%A8re%20cette%20question%20il%20y%20a%20les%20moyens%20humains%20et%20d%E2%80%99ing%C3%A9nierie%20dont%20disposent%20les%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20pour%20monter%20les%20projets%20et%20suivre%20les%20investissements%20n%C3%A9cessaires%20%C3%A0%20la%20transition.%20Si%20peu%20de%20chiffrage%20existe%20sur%20cette%20question%20dans%20la%20litt%C3%A9rature%2C%20on%20peut%20n%C3%A9anmoins%20supposer%20que%20les%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%20d%C3%A9di%C3%A9es%20au%20climat%20vont%20devoir%20augmenter%20dans%20les%20prochaines%20ann%C3%A9es.%20On%20peut%20donc%20regretter%20que%20cette%20question%20ne%20soit%20pas%20trait%C3%A9e%20par%20les%20candidats.%20%20%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%5CnC%E2%80%99est%20encore%20plus%20regrettable%20pour%20les%20candidats%2C%20nombreux%2C%20qui%20s%E2%80%99engagent%20%C3%A0%20diminuer%20les%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s%2C%20toutes%20comp%C3%A9tences%20confondues.%20C%E2%80%99est%20le%20cas%20de%20Val%C3%A9rie%20P%C3%A9cresse%20qui%20souhaite%20baisser%20les%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%20de%203%2C5%20Mds%E2%82%AC%2Fan.%20Pour%20rappel%2C%20ces%20d%C3%A9penses%20sont%20actuellement%20de%20l%E2%80%99ordre%20de%20175%20Mds%E2%82%AC%2Fan.%20Emmanuel%20Macron%20vise%20quant%20%C3%A0%20lui%2010%20Mds%E2%82%AC%2Fan%20d%E2%80%99%C3%A9conomies%20via%20une%20clarification%20des%20comp%C3%A9tences%20et%20une%20%C2%AB%20ma%C3%AEtrise%20du%20rythme%20des%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%20%C2%BB.%20Eric%20Zemmour%20souhaite%20pour%20sa%20part%20%C2%AB%20poursuivre%20la%20d%C3%A9marche%20de%20contractualisation%20entre%20l%E2%80%99%C3%89tat%20et%20les%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20pour%20r%C3%A9duire%20leurs%20d%C3%A9penses%20de%20fonctionnement%E2%80%AF%C2%BB%20et%20vise%2015%20Mds%E2%82%AC%2Fan%20d%E2%80%99%C3%A9conomies%20sur%20le%20budget%20total%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s.%20Comment%20faire%20pour%20que%20ces%20mesures%20d%E2%80%99%C3%A9conomies%20ne%20r%C3%A9duisent%20pas%20la%20capacit%C3%A9%20des%20collectivit%C3%A9s%20%C3%A0%20engager%20la%20transition%E2%80%AF%3F%20Ces%20candidats%20ne%20r%C3%A9pondent%20pas%20%C3%A0%20cette%20question.%5Cn%3C%2Fbr%3E%3C%2Fbr%3E%20%20%22%7D%5D”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column css=”.vc_custom_1645605740817{margin-bottom: 40px !important;}”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Les propositions des candidats\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Vous trouverez ci-dessous les propositions des candidats pour les collectivit\u00e9s. Nous les pr\u00e9sentons de mani\u00e8re descriptive, sans juger si elles sont suffisantes ou si elles pourront \u00eatre mises en \u0153uvre sur le quinquennat.<\/p>\n

Derni\u00e8re mise \u00e0 jour : 19 avril 2022[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=”1″ el_id=”header”][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1646139553118{margin: 5px !important;padding: 10px !important;border: 2px solid #1e73be !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Anne Hidalgo<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1646139657192{margin: 5px !important;padding: 10px !important;border: 2px solid #1e73be !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Yannick Jadot<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1646139633908{margin: 5px !important;padding: 10px !important;border: 2px solid #1e73be !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Marine Le Pen<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1648734766272{margin-top: 5px !important;margin-right: 5px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;margin-left: 5px !important;border-top-width: 2px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;border-left-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;border-left-color: #1e73be !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #1e73be !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #1e73be !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #1e73be !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Emmanuel Macron<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=”1″ css=”.vc_custom_1646144592662{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}” el_id=”hidalgo”][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1646139607437{margin: 5px !important;padding: 10px !important;border: 2px solid #1e73be !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1646144515589{margin-top: 5px !important;margin-right: 5px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;margin-left: 5px !important;border-top-width: 2px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;border-left-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;border-left-color: #1e73be !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #1e73be !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #1e73be !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #1e73be !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Val\u00e9rie P\u00e9cresse<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1646139725545{margin: 5px !important;padding: 10px !important;border: 2px solid #1e73be !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

\u00c9ric Zemmour<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”2981″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Anne Hidalgo<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Anne Hidalgo consid\u00e8re que \u00ab\u00a0les collectivit\u00e9s sont les moteurs de la transition \u00e9cologique\u00a0\u00bb \u00a0et qu\u2019\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0elles ne pourront relever v\u00e9ritablement le d\u00e9fi de la transition \u00e9cologique que si elles sont bien accompagn\u00e9es notamment financi\u00e8rement\u00a0\u00bb. Anne Hidalgo souhaite d\u2019une part davantage fl\u00e9cher les revenus de la fiscalit\u00e9 vers les collectivit\u00e9s \u2013 notamment les revenus de la fiscalit\u00e9 sur les projets d\u2019\u00e9nergie renouvelable et une part de la fiscalit\u00e9 carbone \u2013 et d\u2019autre part cr\u00e9er une \u00ab\u00a0dotation verte\u00a0\u00bb de l\u2019Etat.<\/p>\n

Plus largement, Anne Hidalgo souhaite renforcer le r\u00f4le des r\u00e9gions et compte sur elles pour \u00eatre \u00ab les moteurs de quatre grandes odyss\u00e9es [\u2026] :\u00a0 la sant\u00e9, l\u2019\u00e9nergie, la mobilit\u00e9 et le num\u00e9rique. \u00bb Elle compte \u00e9galement sur l\u2019implication des r\u00e9gions sur les questions d\u2019adaptation.\u00a0E<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>nfin, e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>lle propose une \u00ab\u202fd\u00e9centralisation partielle de la politique de r\u00e9novation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique\u202f\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> pour donner un r\u00f4le plus important aux collectivit\u00e9s territoriales sur la lutte contre la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header” el_id=”jadot”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”2970″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Yannick Jadot<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Yannick Jadot consid\u00e8re que \u00ab\u00a0les collectivit\u00e9s locales sont un \u00e9chelon essentiel de la lutte contre le changement climatique\u00a0\u00bb et souhaite mettre en place de nouveaux cadres contractuels pour qu\u2019elles aient les moyens de mener des projets de transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. Il souhaite\u00a0renforcer leurs leviers de financement propres (notamment via le r\u00e9tablissement des imp\u00f4ts de production ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment supprim\u00e9s) et augmenter les dotations de l\u2019Etat, notamment celle de soutien \u00e0 l\u2019investissement local pour les projets li\u00e9s \u00e0 la transition \u00e9cologique, avec une enveloppe de 500 M\u20ac\/an.<\/p>\n

Il dit aussi vouloir soutenir les collectivit\u00e9s locales, par exemple pour la mise en place de Zones \u00e0 faibles \u00e9missions (ZFE) sur le territoire, mais aussi via une prime \u00e0 l\u2019investissement dans la restauration collective pour faciliter l\u2019adoption de r\u00e9gimes plus durables\u00a0ou encore en relan\u00e7ant la d\u00e9marche des Territoires \u00e0 Energie Positive et en simplifiant les plans \u00e9nergie-climat territoriaux. \u00a0De mani\u00e8re plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, il souhaite renforcer les dispositifs de p\u00e9r\u00e9quation entre les territoires.[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header” el_id=”lepen”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”3141″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Marine Le Pen<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]La candidate ne s\u2019exprime pas dans son programme sur la coop\u00e9ration qu\u2019elle envisage avec les collectivit\u00e9s locales, et n\u2019a donc logiquement pas de proposition pour garantir que les collectivit\u00e9s aient les moyens humains et financiers d\u2019investir pour le climat.[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header” el_id=”melenchon”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”3295″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Emmanuel Macron<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Emmanuel Macron entend donner un r\u00f4le plus important aux collectivit\u00e9s territoriales pour la transition, notamment en leur transf\u00e9rant certaines comp\u00e9tences. Il propose ainsi que \u00ab\u202fles r\u00e9gions [puissent] g\u00e9rer les appels d\u2019offre sur les \u00e9nergies renouvelables\u202f\u00bb et que \u00ab\u202f[soient confi\u00e9s] aux communes et aux intercommunalit\u00e9s les leviers de la politique du logement, dont la r\u00e9novation du parc existant\u202f\u00bb. Il pr\u00e9cise <\/span>\u00e9galement <\/span>que la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie renouvelable et la d\u00e9carbonation feront l\u2019objet de choix locaux, avec une \u00ab\u202fplanification d\u00e9clin\u00e9e dans chaque territoire, par les r\u00e9gions, d\u00e9partements, communes\u202f\u00bb.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cependant, il ne dit rien au sujet des moyens financiers et humains des collectivit\u00e9s pour mener \u00e0 bien la transition. Notons que son programme inclut une diminution de 10 Mds\u20ac\/an de leurs d\u00e9penses de fonctionnement, et la suppression de la Cotisation sur la valeur ajout\u00e9e des entreprises (CVAE) sans pr\u00e9ciser la compensation que l\u2019Etat mettrait en place pour les collectivit\u00e9s territoriales qui per\u00e7oivent actuellement le produit de cet imp\u00f4t. Plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, il souhaite \u00ab\u202fsimplifier le mille-feuille territorial\u202f\u00bb et clarifier les comp\u00e9tences des \u00e9lus au niveau local<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Macron <\/span><\/span><\/span>entend<\/span><\/span><\/span> par ailleurs nommer un<\/span><\/span><\/span> ministre d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 sous l<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2019autorit\u00e9 de Matignon en charge de \u00ab\u202f<\/span><\/span><\/span>planification <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>territoriale<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>qui s\u2019inscrira dans un \u00ab\u202fagenda de d\u00e9centralisation massive\u202f\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> avec des objectif<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> notamment sur les modifications <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab\u202f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>des transports du quo<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>tidien, et <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>r\u00e9investi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ssement <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>sur le fluvial et le fret ferroviaire et<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> l\u2019<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>acc\u00e9l\u00e9r<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ation <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>la r\u00e9novation des logements\u202f\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header” el_id=”#Macron”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”3149″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\n
\n

Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon a des propositions sur la r\u00e9partition des comp\u00e9tences territoriales, notamment la mise en \u0153uvre de loi-cadres instaurant une \u00ab\u00a0planification \u00e9cologique et d\u00e9mocratique coordonn\u00e9e aux niveaux national et local\u00a0\u00bb. Il souhaite affecter certains financements aux collectivit\u00e9s territoriales, comme ceux li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019isolation des b\u00e2timents publics ou aux infrastructures v\u00e9los. Il affirme par ailleurs vouloir donner un r\u00f4le plus important aux collectivit\u00e9s territoriales dans la transition \u2013 notamment via la mise en place d\u2019assembl\u00e9es citoyennes r\u00e9gionales et la cr\u00e9ation de postes de \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9fenseurs de la nature\u00a0\u00bb au niveau communal.<\/p>\n

Enfin, il a \u00e9galement des propositions qui d\u00e9passent le cadre du climat\u00a0: il souhaite augmenter les moyens des collectivit\u00e9s, en renfor\u00e7ant certaines dotations (doublement de la dotation de solidarit\u00e9 urbaine et de coh\u00e9sion sociale, et de la dotation de solidarit\u00e9 rurale) pour une enveloppe de 4,3 Mds\u20ac\/an. Il propose \u00e9galement de renforcer les dispositifs de p\u00e9r\u00e9quation entre les territoires.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header” el_id=”pecresse”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”2974″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Val\u00e9rie P\u00e9cresse<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Val\u00e9rie P\u00e9cresse veut une \u00ab\u00a0loi de d\u00e9centralisation\u00a0\u00bb qui \u00ab\u00a0confiera aux collectivit\u00e9s locales les missions et les moyens correspondants en mati\u00e8re de r\u00e9novation thermique ou d\u2019\u00e9lectrification des transports routiers\u00a0\u00bb. En particulier, elle veut transf\u00e9rer aux r\u00e9gions l\u2019ensemble des aides actuelles pour la r\u00e9novation (MaPrimeR\u00e9nov\u2019, aides de l\u2019ANAH), ainsi que le m\u00e9canisme des certificats d\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie, sans pr\u00e9ciser l\u2019impact de cette r\u00e9gionalisation sur le march\u00e9 des certificats.<\/p>\n

Sans en pr\u00e9ciser les modalit\u00e9s, elle \u00e9voque d\u2019autres sujets sur lesquels les collectivit\u00e9s locales seraient associ\u00e9es : la r\u00e9novation des infrastructures routi\u00e8res et ferroviaires, le mix \u00e9lectrique, l\u2019adaptation. Elle ne pr\u00e9cise pas les moyens qui seraient allou\u00e9s aux collectivit\u00e9s sur ces sujets.\u00a0De mani\u00e8re plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, Val\u00e9rie P\u00e9cresse\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>souhaite\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab\u202frenforcer l\u2019autonomie financi\u00e8re et fiscale des collectivit\u00e9s territoriales, dans le respect de l\u2019exigence de redressement des finances publiques<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u202f\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0et renforcer les dispositifs de p\u00e9r\u00e9quation. Son programme pr\u00e9voit une baisse de 3,5 Mds\u20ac\/an des d\u00e9penses de fonctionnement des collectivit\u00e9s terri<\/span><\/span><\/span>toriales.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header” el_id=”zemmour”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”3151″ img_size=”large”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\u00c9ric Zemmour<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u00c9ric Zemmour\u00a0souhaite lutter \u00ab\u202fcontre la bureaucratie et les doublons cr\u00e9\u00e9s par la d\u00e9centralisation<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u202f\u00bb pour une \u00e9conomie de 15 Mds\u20ac sur le budget des collectivit\u00e9s locales<\/span><\/span><\/span>, en r\u00e9duisant leurs d\u00e9penses de fonctionnement. Il ne pr\u00e9cise pas la coop\u00e9ration qu\u2019il envisage avec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0les collectivit\u00e9s locales\u00a0sur les\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>sujets li\u00e9s au climat, n\u2019a logiquement pas de proposition pour garantir qu\u2019elles ai<\/span><\/span><\/span>ent les moyens humains et financiers d\u2019agir sur ces sujets.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”2839″ img_size=”full” alignment=”right” onclick=”custom_link” link=”#header”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/6″][vc_single_image image=”1686″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”5\/6″][vc_column_text] Collectivit\u00e9s Les candidats \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle\u00a0accordent un r\u00f4le important aux collectivit\u00e9s pour\u00a0agir contre les changements climatiques.\u00a0Mais\u00a0leurs propositions pour qu\u2019elles aient les moyens financiers\u00a0de jouer ce r\u00f4le sont\u00a0rares,\u00a0encore plus quand il\u00a0s\u2019agit de s\u2019engager sur des\u00a0mesures pr\u00e9cises ou des\u00a0montants.\u00a0Aurore Colin\u00a0d\u2019I4CE\u00a0a\u00a0analys\u00e9 les programmes des candidats\u00a0et appelle,\u00a0d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but\u00a0du\u00a0prochain quinquennat,\u00a0\u00e0 clarifier\u00a0les\u00a0besoins\u00a0d\u2019investissements\u00a0et\u00a0de\u00a0d\u00e9penses\u00a0de\u00a0fonctionnement\u00a0des collectivit\u00e9s pour le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2382","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2382"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3514,"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2382\/revisions\/3514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i4ce.org\/presidentielle-2022-budget-climat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}