Publications

EU ETS reforms: on 25th June, the EU Commission will host a panel of experts to discuss technical aspects of the proposal of the Market Stability Reserve. Market Stability Reserve of the EU ETS: Germany supports the Commission proposal of a market stability reserve and calls for a launch of the mechanism significantly before 2020, […]

By Romain Morel, Igor Shishlov et Valentin Bellassen, I4CE The results from the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) show that developed countries fulfilled their commitments through varied strategies. However, the Kyoto protocol did not manage to stabilize global GHG concentrations ; furthermore its direct impact on domestic emissions reductions is unclear. Nevertheless, […]

Signed in 1997, following the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol (KP) is the first international tool focused on greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation involving as many countries : in its final configuration, thirty six developed countries committed to reduce their emissions by 4% between 1990 and 2008-2012 – the […]

Verified CO2 emissions: in 2013, emissions of EU ETS stationary installations, estimated to 1,895 MtCO2, have decreased by at least 3% in comparison of 2012. State aids for 2020 climate targets: the EU Commission has adopted new guidelines on public support for projects in the field of environmental protection and energy that notably promote a […]

Upsurge in volumes and fall in prices: Nearly 1.1 billion EUA’s were traded, i.e +23%, whereas the average EUA spot price fell by 6% in March 2014. 2030 climate and energy package: The EU Council will take stock of progress made at its next meeting in June 2014, based on consultations with Member States. International […]

By Frédéric OURADOU, Florine WONG, Jérôme DUVERNOY, Romain MOREL In line with previous editions, the 2014 edition of “Key Figures on Climate” has been prepared within the context of the 19th Conference of the Parties on Climate Change (COP19) held in Warsaw from the 11th to the 22nd of November 2013. This latest version has […]

By Igor Shishlov and Valentin Bellassen, I4CE The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) facilitated the emergence and deployment of low-cost greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement technologies such as destruction of industrial gases and capturing methane from landfills and coal mines. Some of these technologies are now ripe to “graduate” from the CDM into other, more mainstream, economic […]

EUA supply: after the approbation of the backloading regulation, the number of auctioned allowances for 2014 will be reduced by 400 million. National allocations plans of all 28 member states for the free allocation of allowances for 2013 have been approved. 2030 climate and energy package: the EU Parliament adopted a non-binding resolution on the […]

Backloading: the EU Parliament and the Council adopted the backloading proposal,respectively, on 10th December and 16th December. On 8th January, Member states agreed on rules to remove up to 900 million permits from 2014-2016. Free allocations: on 18th December, the EU Commission adopted a first commissiondecision on free allocation of emission allowances by Member States […]

During the Phase II of the European Trading Scheme, installations had the option to surrender carbon credits from project-based mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol (CERs and ERUs). The rules set by Member States and approved by the European Commission capped the demand at around 1,400 MtCO2 between 2008 and 2012. In the end, over 1 […]

By Olivier Gloaguen and Emilie Alberola CO2 emissions generated by installations covered by the EU ETS decreased by 12.3 % since 2005, i.e a decline by 2.6% per year during Phase 2 of the EU ETS while the emission cap increased by 1% per year. The EU ETS ended Phase 2 with a surplus of […]

By Marion Dupont, Romain Morel, Valentin Bellassen and Mariana Deheza For those who expect “binding” emission reductions targets in the future international climate agreement to be signed in Paris in 2015, the Warsaw Conference (November 11 to 23, 2013) yielded as much progress as it could. That means little beyond a timetable. However, for those […]

Backloading and reforms of the EU ETS: on 10th December, the EU Parliament voted the backloading proposal. The vote of the Council is scheduled on 17th December. The postponement of EUA will be made in 2014 and in 2015 (not in 2013). 2030 climate and energy package: the EC is planning to release its White […]

By Nicolas Berghmans and Emilie Alberola Since 2005, 1,453 power and combined heat and power (CHP) generation plants have participated in the European Union Emission Trading Scheme, or EU ETS, which requires them to comply with an annual CO2 emission cap set by the European Commission. Thermal power plants that use coal (bituminous coal, lignite, […]

Backloading and reforms of the EU ETS: on 10th December, the EU Parliament voted the backloading proposal. The vote of the Council is scheduled on 17th December. The postponement of EUA will be made in 2014 and in 2015 (not in 2013). 2030 climate and energy package: the EC is planning to release its White […]

By Johan Tyszler et Cécile Bordier,I4CE Le gouvernement a annoncé le 9 juillet 2013 la généralisation des compteurs électriques communicants sur le territoire. L’introduction des compteurs communicants devrait permettre une meilleure gestion du réseau, notamment liée à la part croissante des énergies renouvelables dans la production d’électricité. Les économies d’électricité restent difficiles à prévoir car […]

By Olivier GLOAGUEN and Emilie ALBEROLA It has been repeatedly said that the economic slowdown that began in 2008 largely explains the fall in carbon emissions recorded in Europe since the introduction of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). In fact, the European Union stated this very clearly in its initial report on […]

Backloading and reforms of the EU ETS: the Commission specified that further structural reform proposals would not be put forward till the EU agrees on backloading plans. 2030 climate and energy package: the Commission will release a communication before the end of the year but there are little expectations for legislative proposals before the EU […]

Forthcoming free allowance allocations: the European Commission will allocate 6.6 billion EUA for free to industrial installations, which is 11.5% less than what was initially demanded by Member states. The EUA price stabilised between €4 and €5: despite the uncertainty surrounding the political issue of “backloading”, the EUA price remained just below the €5 per […]

By Johan Tyszler, Cécile Bordier and Alexia Leseur The National Debate on Energy Transition in France highlighted issues relating to the social acceptability of the measures in question, and especially the inclusion of fuel poverty. However, the wide range of determining factors for fuel poverty (high energy prices, poor living conditions, and limited financial resources) […]