Publications

Annual report 2018/2019: Putting Climate Economics to the test of reality

6 September 2019 - Special issues

Foreword from Pierre DUCRET,  Chair and Benoît LEGUET, Managing Director

“Economic expertise must be grounded in reality. The yellow-vest protests serve as a reminder of this fact”

I4CE WAS BORN FROM A CONVICTION: economic expertise is essential for climate action. This is because the building of a carbon-neutral and climate-resilient society requires transition financing, the mobilization of economic instruments, and a transformation of the financial system. I4CE has been accumulating this economic expertise for more than 15 years, which constitutes I4CE’s added value in the think tank landscape.

THIS EXPERTISE, however incisive, must be grounded bin reality. Without which, it may be ineffectual or, at worse, lead to dead ends. In France, the yellow-vest protests, initiated by an increase in the carbon tax, serve as a reminder of this fact: this economic tool, whatever its effectiveness in terms of the climate, has social impacts that lead to legitimate resistance. Resistance that should have been anticipated.

THE CHALLENGE FOR ALL CLIMATE-FOCUSED ECONOMICS and finance experts is to put their expertise into practice in the real world. Rather than being limited to general or theoretical considerations, they must instead work with the different actors of change, and understand and respond to their real problems.

THIS IS THE CHALLENGE THAT I4CE HAS BEEN MEETING each year, and the last twelve months has been no exception. The institute has learned from foreign carbon tax experiences to inform the French debate, and supported the launch of a low-carbon standard to financially compensate those who take action in the field. It has also supported financial institutions, their regulators and their supervisors, to help them operationalize their climate commitments.

OPERATIONALIZING, THE SHARING OF EXPERIENCES, supporting actors in the field… all phrases that are a translation of the same objective: putting I4CE’s economic expertise into a real world context.

 

Annual report 2018/2019: Putting Climate Economics to the test of reality Download
To learn more
  • 11/07/2025 Foreword of the week
    COP30: On Financing, the Time for Negotiation Is Over

    “What agreement will the negotiators reach?” is the question that is usually on climate practitioners’ minds at this time of the year. However, this time, it is a new impetus that is needed, not another agreement. 10 years after the Paris Agreement, the Brazilian COP30 presidency has rightly shifted the focus to execution, making this edition “the implementation COP.” On financing, the objectives set at COP29 are clear: developing countries should receive $300 billion per year by 2035 from developed countries (NCQG), and mobilise $1.3 trillion per year from all actors. The newly published “Baku to Belém” roadmap proposes solutions to meet the targets. We now have objectives and a list of (theoretical) means to achieve them. How do we move to implementation? 

  • 11/05/2025 Blog post
    From Pledges to Progress: Climate Finance a Decade After Paris

    Nearly a decade has passed since the Paris Agreement elevated finance to the heart of the climate agenda, embedding in Article 2.1(c) the ambitious goal of aligning global financial flows with low-emission, climate-resilient development. But for all the talk of “shifting the trillions,” we remain far from course. 

  • 10/31/2025 Foreword of the week
    A Paris Climate & Nature Week with a touch of ‘green budget’

    We were proud to contribute to the inaugural Paris Climate & Nature Week hosted by Sciences Po from 27 to 29 October, marking the 10 years of the Paris Agreement. I4CE weighed in on some of our core topics– lessons learnt over the past decade of climate action which can accelerate the  transition; the links between climate and development finance; as well as adaptation and the cost of inaction.

See all publications
Press contact Amélie FRITZ Head of Communication and press relations Email
Subscribe to our mailing list :
I register !
Subscribe to our newsletter
Once a week, receive all the information on climate economics
I register !
Fermer